TY - JOUR AU - Keller, Jan AU - Roitzheim, Christina AU - Radtke, Theda AU - Schenkel, Konstantin AU - Schwarzer, Ralf PY - 2021 DA - 2021/11/23 TI -普通人群中自我效能和目标导向智能手机使用的移动干预:随机对照试验JO - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth SP - e26397 VL - 9 IS - 11 KW -智能手机使用问题KW -智能手机解锁KW -智能手机时间KW -行为改变KW -自我效能KW -行动计划KW -数字排毒KW -超时KW -随机对照试验AB -背景:人们在日常生活中大部分时间都在使用智能手机。尽管智能手机在日常生活中有各种好处，但智能手机使用的问题形式存在，这些形式与负面的心理和生理后果有关。为了减少有问题的智能手机使用，现有的干预措施通常是基于应用程序的，包括通过设置计时器和拦截器来帮助用户监控和限制智能手机使用的组件。然而，这些数字排毒干预措施未能利用心理资源，例如通过促进自我效能和目标导向的智能手机使用。目的:本研究的目的是评估基于理论的智能手机应用程序“Not Less But Better”，该应用程序旨在让人们了解使用智能手机时的心理过程，并支持他们根据自己的目标和价值观使用智能手机。方法:在一项随机对照试验中，评估了由5个4天训练模块组成的20天干预应用程序的效果，以培养目标导向的智能手机使用。在积极控制条件下(照常治疗)，参与者接受数字排毒治疗，并计划每天至少休息1小时。在长达3周的随访中，反复评估自我报告的智能手机使用问题、客观测量的每日智能手机解锁、智能手机使用时间、自我效能和目标导向智能手机使用计划。线性2水平模型检验干预效果。 Mediation models served to analyze self-efficacy and planning as potential mechanisms of the intervention. Results: Out of 232 enrolled participants, 110 (47.4%; 55 participants in each condition) provided data at postintervention and 88 (37.9%; 44 participants in each condition) at 3-week follow-up. Both conditions manifested substantial reductions in problematic smartphone use and in the amount of time spent with the smartphone. The number of daily unlocks did not change over time. Further, modelling changes in self-efficacy as a mediator between the intervention and problematic smartphone use at follow-up fit well to the data and showed an indirect effect (b=–0.09; 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI –0.26 to –0.01), indicating that self-efficacy was an important intervention mechanism. Another mediation model revealed an indirect effect from changes in planning via smartphone unlocks at postintervention on problematic smartphone use at follow-up (b=–0.029, 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI –0.078 to –0.003). Conclusions: An innovative, theory-based intervention app on goal-directed smartphone use has been found useful in lowering problematic smartphone use and time spent with the smartphone. However, observed reductions in both outcomes were not superior to the active control condition (ie, digital detox treatment). Nonetheless, the present findings highlight the importance in promoting self-efficacy and planning goal-directed smartphone use to achieve improvements in problematic smartphone use. This scalable intervention app appears suitable for practical use and as an alternative to common digital detox apps. Future studies should address issues of high attrition by adding just-in-time procedures matched to smartphone users’ needs. Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017606; https://tinyurl.com/27c9kmwy SN - 2291-5222 UR - https://mhealth.www.mybigtv.com/2021/11/e26397 UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/26397 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34817388 DO - 10.2196/26397 ID - info:doi/10.2196/26397 ER -